Tutorials

August 2nd 2023

Using internal standards is a common technique to correct for variations in sample matrices and the effect this has on analyte intensities. There are several basic criteria to be considered when using internal standards: selection of appropriate internal standards, the concentration added to the solutions analyzed, setting up in the correct view (axial vs. radial), how to introduce the internal standard to the solutions to be analyzed, and evaluating the resulting data. Each of these topics are considered and suggestions presented.

August 2nd 2023

The ICP–MS mass spectrum contains useful additional information, but how to obtain that information is the question. Here, we provide the answer.

August 1st 2023

The Bouguer-Beer-Lambert law has its limitations and it doesn't always properly reflect the physical phenomena at play. This article examines the law's limitations.

August 1st 2023

In this short overview, we consider cases for diffuse reflection spectroscopy and introduce the Kubelka-Munk diffuse reflectance formula. We conclude by comparing diffuse transmittance, diffuse reflectance, logarithmic transforms of both, and the Kubelka-Munk transform for mid-infrared spectroscopy of the same sample.