Biological, Medical, and Clinical Analysis

This interview with Young Jong Lee highlights the work he and his team have done to reinvent solvent absorption compensation (SAC), and the potential it has across multiple forms of spectroscopy.

Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy was used to identify and analyze the low-frequency vibrational modes of three free anthraquinones, revealing the vibrational contributions of different atoms and groups.

SERS of centrifuged blood serum samples of diabetic type II patients using 50 KDa filter devices can diagnose the disease at an early stage by studying small molecular weight proteins.

Researchers have developed a method for the simultaneous determination of cadmium and lead in water samples using microwave-induced plasma optical emission spectrometry with multiwalled carbon nanotubes pre-concentration and a discrete sample introduction system.

Gary McGeorge, Scientific Director at Bristol-Myers Squibb, spoke to us of the benefits and challenges associated with establishment of consistent resolutions while facilitating the steps associated with the implementation of process analytical technology (PAT).

The United States Pharmacopeia–National Formulary (USP–NF) has contributed to ensuring the quality of dietary supplements, foods, and medicines for more than 200 years. This overview explains the use of vibrational spectroscopy techniques in meeting USP–NF requirements and how the information is organized.

A multiscale convolutional neural network (MsCNN) was used to screen Raman spectra of the hepatitis B serum, achieving higher classification accuracy compared to traditional machine learning methods.

Zac Schultz of The Ohio State University and his team used tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) with gold nanostars to investigate chemical reactions involved in protein–ligand binding. He recently spoke with Spectroscopy about his findings.

Bhavya Sharma is the winner of the 2021 Emerging Leader in Molecular Spectroscopy Award. We recently interviewed her about her work conducting research to detect active and important biomolecules related to hormone regulation, neurological health, and disease diagnosis.

Mark Meyerhoff has been exploring chemical sensors for biomedical applications. Because of his work, Meyerhoff has been awarded the 2021 ANACHEM award. Meyerhoff spoke to us about his work, his career, and what being presented this award at this fall’s SciX event means to him.

Professor Rohit Bhargava and his team at the University of Illinois, where they have established the Cancer Center at Illinois, are advancing research in tumor microenvironments, using techniques such as high-definition Fourier transform infrared (HD-FT-IR) coupled with machine learning. We recently spoke to Bhargava about this work.

Uwe Karst of the University of Münster in Germany explains the use of laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) imaging to provide spatially resolved quantification of trace elements in biological samples.

This year’s molecular spectroscopy award recipient is Bhavya Sharma, who is demonstrating research leadership focused on neurochemical detection using SERS and SORS Raman spectroscopy.

Uwe Karst of the University of Münster in Germany explains the use of laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) imaging to provide spatially resolved quantification of trace elements in biological samples.

In precious samples, effective methods for multielemental analysis could provide a deeper understanding of the essential role of elements as cofactors in biological and pathological processes. Tobias Konz of Nestlé Research explains.

Medical diagnostics is an exciting area of spectroscopy research, and one of the dreams is to develop spectroscopic tools that can be used for point-of-care diagnostics with a smartphone. Russ Algar, the 2017 Emerging Leader in Molecular Spectroscopy, is one of the scientists on that quest

Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) imaging is a well-established analytical method for obtaining spectral and spatial information simultaneously in the micron-size domain. The technique has been applied across many different application areas, from polymer science to biomedical imaging. Over recent years, interest has increased in pushing the diffraction limited spatial resolution performance of FTIR imaging systems, primarily using synchrotron based systems.

Mammals require dietary-based polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and arachidonic acid (AA) for many biological processes, including normal functioning of the retina and brain. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) imaging with high spatial resolution is a suitable tool to investigate the PUFA distribution in tissue sections from animal models of disease, providing comprehensive information of the biochemical components on the subcellular scale.

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microscopic imaging uses a combination of an FTIR spectrometer with a microscope and Focal Plane Array (FPA) detector. The method has been recognized as a powerful and versatile imaging tool in many disciplines, ranging from biomedical research through to materials science, art conservation and forensics.

The Coblentz Society and the Federation of Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy Societies (FACSS) recently named Professor Duncan Graham of the University of Strathclyde (Glasgow, Scotland) as the recipient of the Coblentz Society?s 2012 Craver Award.

The authors discuss the combined use of Raman and FT-IR spectroscopy in fields such as forensic science, biomedical science, catalysis, and polymers.

New research being conducted at the University of Arkansas is demonstrating that Raman spectroscopy can be used to detect and monitor circulating carbon nanotubes in vivo and in real time.

Using a new mass spectrometry technique and stem cells that can be made to produce either neurons or glial cells, a team of researchers at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies (La Jolla, California) identified a molecular signaling pathway that is required for the production of glial cells, yielding insight into the neurobiology of Down?s syndrome and several nervous system disorders characterized by too many glial cells.

The author examines NIR spectrometers and the technologies developed during the telecommunications boom of the late 1990s, focusing on miniaturized optical techniques generally called MOEMS.

The authors present the results of a study in which FT-IR-ATR and FT-Raman spectrosopies were used to probe the effects of pasteurization and spray drying on the secondary structure of soy protein isolate.

January 2007. This review article summarizes biological applications that utilize surface plasmon resonance, localized surface plasmon resonance, and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy.

Here the authors describe a new method for the identification of key volatile organic compound markers using mass spectrometry combined with gas chromatography.

In this article, the role of a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer in performing in vitro studies of compound metabolic stability and identification of Phase I and II metabolites is demonstrated.

IR imaging provides a new tool for disease detection, revealing compositional and structural information in tissue previously not available with contrast staining.

The concentration dependent influence of Na+ and K+ions on mass spectra of peptides is shown with human gastrin as a model peptide. With electrospray ionization the doubly charged protonated molecule ion [M+2H]2+ is normally the preferred ionization product. However, trace amounts of alkali metal ions already form clusters (adducts) with the peptide molecule, such as [M+H+Na]2+, which become dominating at higher concentrations. With Na+/K+ concentrations below 0.1 mg/kg (ppm) only a few clusters appear, which allow the correct doubly charged molecule ion to be assigned for a subsequent MS–MS experiment. With concentrations of 10 ppm and higher the alkali clusters become the most abundant peaks in the spectrum, and the absolute sensitivity is decreased by a factor of 5–10. Experiments were performed with water and water–methanol mixtures with a known Na+/K+ +content.