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Simultaneous Determination of Inorganic Forms of Arsenic, Antimony, and Thallium by HPLC–ICP–MSA simple and rapid method for the simultaneous separation and determination of the inorganic ionic forms of As(III), As(V), Sb(III), Sb(V), Tl(I), and Tl(III) in river water samples is described.
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The miniDOAS: Low Cost, High Performance Contactless Ammonia MeasurementsKnowledge of atmospheric ammonia concentrations is important, but ammonia is difficult to measure. We report here on the development of a low-cost ammonia measuring differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) instrument, based on a small sized and low priced spectrograph.
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Disinfection of Tetraselmis sp. with UV LED ApplicationAnalyzing the effect of UV LED modules on disinfecting ballast water using UV–vis spectroscopy.
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Preliminary Investigation into Raman Spectroscopic Evaluation Of Sulfate in Fluid for Hydraulic FracturingReuse of fracking fluid is contingent on chemical and physical properties, which in turn are related to the chemical composition of the water. Waste water from fracking wells generally has high total solids content often in concert with salts, organic chemicals, metals and naturally-occurring radioactive materials. Often, the water must undergo a cleaning or dilution step before reuse or discharge. An online monitor for high levels of sulfate could be one component of an on-line recycling system of water in hydraulic fracturing processes and this study looks at Raman spectroscopy as a potential measurement technique for such a monitor.
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Looking Below the Surface of Breast Tissue During SurgeryIn this article, we present a method that provides prompt detection of the presence of cancer cells inside the 2-mm margin of tissue surrounding the tumor after excision using spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS). SORS was developed to detect subtle changes in soft tissue spectra in the 100–2000 ?m range and tested on excised breast tissues. The results display a very high specificity and sensitivity (100% and 95%, respectively) of classification between positive and negative tumor margins. SORS is a clinically feasible method, suitable for the real-time, intraoperative assessment of tumor margins at the micrometer level.
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Disinfection of Tetraselmis sp. with UV LED ApplicationAnalyzing the effect of UV LED modules on disinfecting ballast water using UV–vis spectroscopy.
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Monitoring of Biological Matrices by GC–MS-MS for Chemical Warfare Nerve Agent DetectionA fluoride-regeneration approach enables biomonitoring of chemical warfare nerve agents.
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Disinfection of Tetraselmis sp. with UV LED ApplicationAnalyzing the effect of UV LED modules on disinfecting ballast water using UV–vis spectroscopy.
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Combustion Spectroscopy - Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman SpectroscopyThis application note highlights the importance of Coherent anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy (CARS), an important research tool for the identification of chemical species and determination of temperature.
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Disinfection of Tetraselmis sp. with UV LED ApplicationAnalyzing the effect of UV LED modules on disinfecting ballast water using UV–vis spectroscopy.
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Chemical Analysis of Microscopic Fluorescent Materials by Dispersive 1064 Raman SystemRaman measurement on microscopic inclusions in fluorescent materials requires the ability to measure in small volumes, excellent throughput, and long wavelength excitation such as 1064 nm for fluorescence reduction.
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High-Throughput Experimentation: Where Does Mass Spectrometry Fit?In the pharmaceutical industry, the use of mass spectrometry in high-throughput experimentation (HTE) has increased, thanks to the technique’s speed, sensitivity, and selectivity. We systematically evaluate the applicability of multiple MS techniques for different types of HTE samples and purposes, reviewing the pros and cons, and provide practical recommendations, Illustrated by application case studies.
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Mercury Detection in Fish Samples by Direct AnalysisThis paper describes the challenges faced by labs analyzing mercury in fish samples when using conventional technologies such as CVAA and ICP and how direct mercury analysis can overcome these challenges.
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Topographic Confocal Raman Imaging using True Surface MicroscopyTrue surface microscopy for topographic confocal Raman imaging adds optical profilometer functionality to a highly sensitive confocal Raman microscope. Using this profilometer function, topographic scans of several square millimeters can be acquired, similar to a very large AFM topography image. This acquired large-area topography image can be used to trace the surface contours while acquiring a confocal Raman image.
Latest:
Looking Below the Surface of Breast Tissue During SurgeryIn this article, we present a method that provides prompt detection of the presence of cancer cells inside the 2-mm margin of tissue surrounding the tumor after excision using spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS). SORS was developed to detect subtle changes in soft tissue spectra in the 100–2000 ?m range and tested on excised breast tissues. The results display a very high specificity and sensitivity (100% and 95%, respectively) of classification between positive and negative tumor margins. SORS is a clinically feasible method, suitable for the real-time, intraoperative assessment of tumor margins at the micrometer level.
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Raman Spectroscopy of Supported Lipid Bilayer NanoparticlesRaman spectroscopy (weak H2O Raman scattering) has been a tool of choice for investigating aqueous lipid suspensions. Recently, there has been interest in supported lipid bilayers (SLBs), where lipids are believed to have fluidities similar to those of free vesicles, and thus have been investigated for applications such as sensors and drug delivery vehicles. Here, Raman spectra of two lipid SLBs on SiO2 nanoparticles were obtained. With decreasing nanoparticle size, or for the same nanoparticle size and longer alkyl chain length, the lipids became increasingly interdigitated compared with the normal bilayer structure.
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Disinfection of Tetraselmis sp. with UV LED ApplicationAnalyzing the effect of UV LED modules on disinfecting ballast water using UV–vis spectroscopy.
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Laser Ablation Molecular Isotopic Spectrometry for Rare Isotopes of the Light ElementsThis article describes measurements of isotopes of hydrogen, boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and chlorine using laser ablation molecular isotopic spectrometry (LAMIS).
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Shedding Light on DNA Analysis: Multiplexed Detection and Identification Using Fluorescence Lifetime Methods (PDF)This article provides a review of using both time- and phase-resolved fluorescence for DNA analysis in both sequencing and microarray applications.
Latest:
Raman Spectroscopy of Supported Lipid Bilayer NanoparticlesRaman spectroscopy (weak H2O Raman scattering) has been a tool of choice for investigating aqueous lipid suspensions. Recently, there has been interest in supported lipid bilayers (SLBs), where lipids are believed to have fluidities similar to those of free vesicles, and thus have been investigated for applications such as sensors and drug delivery vehicles. Here, Raman spectra of two lipid SLBs on SiO2 nanoparticles were obtained. With decreasing nanoparticle size, or for the same nanoparticle size and longer alkyl chain length, the lipids became increasingly interdigitated compared with the normal bilayer structure.
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A Convenient Alternative to MALDI and ESIAs was demonstrated by ESI and MALDI, and, more recently, ambient ionization approaches, successful new ionization methods can have an enormous impact on science. Novel ionization processes, such as inlet and vacuum ionization, are some of the latest of these approaches, and provide excellent alternatives to traditional approaches.
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Determination of Low Levels of Chromium in Biological Samples by ICP-MS Using Hydrogen as a Reaction GasChromium is a key ingredient in a number of metal alloys used for metal implants which, despite being coated with inert surface layer coatings, can break down over time as a result of biocorrosion. Leeching of metal ions from implants into surrounding bone, tissue, and body fluids can cause severe health problems. Although the toxicity of the metal is low, there is a potential health risk if chromium ions enter the body. In ICP-MS, the chromium (52Cr) signal can be affected by interference from the recombination of background plasma 40Ar and sample-specific matrix 12C. To eliminate this interference, hydrogen can be used in the iCRC as a reaction gas to allow accurate analysis of 52Cr. Results using certified clinical standards of chromium in blood, plasma, urine, and serum clearly demonstrate the benefit of using hydrogen as a collision gas to remove the argon-carbide polyatomic interference. This study shows that ICP-MS is an essential tool for clinical monitoring of metal ions in complex matrices and that hydrogen iCRC gas allowed for greater accuracy and a lower level of quantitation in clinical matrices.
Latest:
A Convenient Alternative to MALDI and ESIAs was demonstrated by ESI and MALDI, and, more recently, ambient ionization approaches, successful new ionization methods can have an enormous impact on science. Novel ionization processes, such as inlet and vacuum ionization, are some of the latest of these approaches, and provide excellent alternatives to traditional approaches.
Latest:
Monitoring of Biological Matrices by GC–MS-MS for Chemical Warfare Nerve Agent DetectionA fluoride-regeneration approach enables biomonitoring of chemical warfare nerve agents.
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Simplifying Mass Spectrometry Through New Ionization Technology: Application to Drugs and Clinical AnalysesA newly discovered method is described for generating gas-phase ions from volatile and nonvolatile compounds. The method, matrix-assisted ionization (MAI), is both simple and sensitive, requiring only the vacuum inherent with all mass spectrometers and a suitable matrix, eliminating the need for lasers, electric fields, nebulizing gas, and even heaters to generate gas-phase ions. MAI is applicable for the direct analysis of drugs from biological fluids and tissue without prior purification. By placing matrix only on a specific surface area of interest and exposure to the vacuum of the mass spectrometer, ions are observed from compounds within the targeted surface area of tissue exposed to the matrix solution, thus allowing rapid and simple interrogation of “features of interest.” The limit of detection for drug standards is low attomoles and clean full mass range mass spectra are obtained from low femtomoles of the drug.
Latest:
The miniDOAS: Low Cost, High Performance Contactless Ammonia MeasurementsKnowledge of atmospheric ammonia concentrations is important, but ammonia is difficult to measure. We report here on the development of a low-cost ammonia measuring differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) instrument, based on a small sized and low priced spectrograph.
