In X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis, physical traceability chains are used to quantify the absolute elemental content in a sample. The physical traceability chain relies on absolute knowledge of the X-ray spectral distribution used for the excitation of the instrument and is currently used at synchrotron radiation facilities. Here, we discuss the transfer of the physical traceability chain to laboratory-based X-ray sources, which are often polychromatic, with the view to generate wider application of quantitative XRF analysis.
The study developed an effective mid-infrared spectroscopic identification model, combining principal component analysis (PCA) and support vector machine (SVM), to accurately determine the geographical origin of five types of millet with a recognition accuracy of up to 99.2% for the training set and 98.3% for the prediction set.
Utilizing a low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), a hyperspectral remote-sensing system can identify key grass species indicating grassland degradation, developing an ASI index and classification rules and leveraging spectral differences and plant senescence reflectance to effectively monitor and evaluate grassland conditions and degradation.
A model based on similarity regularized nonnegative matrix factorization (SRNMF) can be used in space exploration and national security applications to exploit the spatial information in an image of a space target.
UV-Vis-NIR can be used to understand how ancient buildings were constructed. Here, a UV-Vis-NIR and EDXRF spectrophotometer were used to analyze glazed tiles that comprised a historical site built in Ancient China.
Raman spectroscopy is a powerful, label-free spectral imaging technique for biomedical sample measurements. The chemometric approaches described here increase the speed of data acquisition and improve the resolution of Raman images.
As this study demonstrates, energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) and multivariate statistical analysis can be used to distinguish different classes of historical artifacts, such as ancient pottery—revealing insights about theirs origin and uses.
The relationship between leaf nitrogen content (LNC) and hyperspectral remote sensing imagery (HYP) was determined to construct an estimation model of the LNC of drip-irrigated sugar beets, to enable real-time monitoring of sugar beet growth and nitrogen management in arid areas.
The possible energy transfer modes between Yb3+ and Tm3+ ions were analyzed.
To improve the robustness and accuracy of logistic regression identification method, a new Raman spectroscopy identification method was proposed that combines a distributionally robust optimization technique and fused lasso technique with logistic regression. Then, Raman spectroscopy was used to analyze two types of dairy products that were collected for anti-jamming identification testing to verify the effectiveness of the new method.
Portable NIR spectroscopy, combined with discrimination analysis (PLS-DA), can be used to rapidly and accurately identify five very similar wood species of the Cinnamomum genus.
Single-particle inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (spICP-MS) is becoming widely used to measure the number of nanoparticles (or other submicrometer– sized particles) per mL with a particular elemental chemical composition and the average particle size (diameter) or particle size distribution.
Discover how Hamamatsu Photonics’ CMOS image sensors are adapted to meet the evolving applications of water analysis, food inspection, and industrial position detection
A comprehensive understanding of aging phenomena and the resulting performance loss occurring in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is essential for ongoing improvement of the technology. The formation of a uniform solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is of crucial importance for the performance, lifetime, and safety of LIBs. Transition metal dissolution (TMD), caused by degradation of the cathode, and subsequent TM deposition on the anode surface can deteriorate the protective properties of the SEI, possibly leading to reconstruction of the SEI and loss of active lithium. We explore this topic here.
A recent study used aluminum foil-assisted ATR-FT-IR spectroscopy to detect acute kidney injury (AKI) in a rat model using plasma samples. The results show how ATR-FT-IR could be used to study more types of clinical samples in the future.
To ensure the stable operation of fuel plant desulfurization systems, it is critical to maintain the content of thiosulfate within an appropriate range. This new method for thiosulfate determination is highly sensitive and easy to perform.
Available for both the Pro Radial and Pro Duo models, the D-Torch offers the laboratory the greatest flexibility with a range of options to fit any ICP application.
A review of exponential signal models with machine learning in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is discussed here.
Time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy reveals much about the structure-induced energy transfer mechanisms of phycobilisomes, the light-harvesting antenna in cyanobacteria.
A new FID-FM fusion model for infrared measurements of glucose in synthetic samples is proposed, comparing prediction performance to full PLS, SMR, XGBoost, CBR, and DSFPLS modeling methods.
In this article, tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) is used to measure ammonia leakage, where a new denoising method combining empirical mode decomposition with the Savitzky-Golay smoothing algorithm (EMD-SG) is proposed to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of absorbance signals.
An increasing number of antibiotic residue problems in food have emerged around the world. We examine how SERS is used to identify antibiotic residues in chicken, focusing on doxycycline hydrochloride and tylosin.
Inductively coupled plasma–atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) relies on the use of a peristaltic pump for sample introduction. Here, two conventional peristaltic pumps are compared with a new pump based on the “easy click” principle for the analytical figures of merit.
This study examines whether the computed spectrum can be used to accurately identify amino acids, by comparing the computer spectrum to the measured spectrum of a biological sample.
A method combining inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) with inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) was developed for multielement determination of 50 species of major, minor, micro, and trace, rare earth, and rare elements in geological samples.
A novel intelligent inversion model integrating multiscale fractal analysis, PCA, and machine learning techniques (RF and SVM) was devised to accurately estimate soil organic matter (SOM) using hyperspectral data.
Determining the printing sequences of crossed writings and seal stamps is often difficult because the most common methods used are expensive, time-consuming, and cumbersome. A new method using Raman spectral area scanning offers a better alternative while conducting pigment analysis and determining intersection sequences of writings and seal stamps. We explain why.
Fungal infections and mycotoxin contamination in food products pose a major threat to the world population. Mycotoxins contaminate approximately 25% of the world’s food products and cause severe health problems through the utilization of affected food products. The major mycotoxins in different foods are aflatoxins, ochratoxins, fumonisins, zearalenone, trichothecenes, and deoxynivalenol. Today, various conventional and nondestructive techniques are available for the detection of mycotoxins across multiple food products. Conventional methods are time-consuming, require chemical reagents, and include many laborious steps. Therefore, nondestructive techniques like near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, hyperspectral imaging, and the electronic nose are a priority for online detection of fungal and mycotoxin problems in different food products. In this article, we discuss recent improvements and utilization of different nondestructive techniques for the early detection of fungal and mycotoxin infections in various food products.